From the past few years, there has been a considerable research in the area of drug delivery using particulate delivery systems as carriers for small and large molecules. Nanoparticles are one of the attractive research area for sustained release formulations because they are able to deliver drugs with the right dose at the appropriate time which increases patient compliance , reduces toxicity and have been used as a physical approach to alter and enhance the physicochemical properties of drugs. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug in the systemic circulation, with targeted delivery of drug and to deliver the drug at a controlled and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers are used for the formulation of nanoparticles to increase therapeutic benefit, with reduced side effects, the polymers are responsible for the sustained or controlled release of drug. Here, various aspects of nanoparticle preparation, characterization and their applications in delivery of drug molecules are reviewed.
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